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This "SKY NEWS" type text will scroll from right to left - Breaking News !! - Hi, my name is Mick the creator of MSTP - I started this website in 1998 27 years ago and it was very basic and i left it for 24 years, , , All code was edited in a TXT file as in the old way and i still do to this day. . . Three years ago i decided to use it and spent one week learning how to code menu's, email contact, paypal\credit card payment, adding video and MP3 playback, and surprised at the play video code being just one short line [video controls="controls" src="LF.mp4"] that was Awesome , , , At first i decided having a guestbook, it worked perfect but a nightmare with people hijacking it posting garbage with nothing to do with my website or it's content, so i removed the guestbook, , , I then decided to have a send E-mail contact option with the form controlled and email sent from the remote web server, a local send is not reliable, , , so then i could receive E-mails from customers or users which is a must for any website.

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Co2 - Global Warming and the "The Gaia Hypothesis"

The Goddess of the Earth - The AWESOME Complete 1985 BBC Horizon documentary "The Goddess of the Earth". It focused on James Lovelock's "Gaia hypothesis"

How Planet Earth Regulates Co2

Global Warming refers specifically to the Earth's rising surface temperature, mainly from human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, while Climate Change is the broader term for all long-term shifts in climate.

The "Hole in the Ozone layer - UV Exposure" has always been there and it fluctuates, so it was proven to be nonsense and it was never heard of again, "Global Warming" will go the same way !!, The Earth regulates it's self, including gasses in the atmosphere, and hence global temperature through LIFE on Earth using "The Gaia Hypothesis" proposed by scientist James Lovelock in the 1960s. It's the theory that says, planet Earth functions as a self-regulating system or "superorganism"

For now, we are only going to deal with Co2 which is responsible for about 80% of Global Warming. In 1985 there was 0.035% of Co2 in the atmosphere, and now in 2025 there is 0.043% = 0.008 or 8\1000's of 1 percent difference, proving that it being so tiny and negligible that it could be false data. Even the 2 figures (0.035% - 0.043%) may be inaccurate because atmospheric Co2 levels are higher in winter and lower in summer (See VIDEO 2 below), so the Co2 content varies. But as what has always happened countless times before up to three billion years ago, the "Gaia hypothesis" regulation will always work on stabilizing the Co2 levels. So Co2 levels have been fluctuating more wildly here and there for over 3 Billion years, and throughout all that time, life on Earth has survived. haha, at 6am this morning it was -8 centigrade, Bloody Global Warming, , NOT !!

1) Plant photosynthesis: Plants take in Co2 to build ALL of their physical structure, effectively storing carbon in their leaves, stems, roots, and soil.

2) Micro organisms like the Coccolithophore phytoplankton: "In effect they take Co2 from the atmosphere" and lock it away by making a Calcium Carbonate shell called a coccosphere that is about one 200ths of a millimetre across, and they are part of a group of about 200 species. Rain removes Co2 from the atmosphere producing H2Co3 that ends up in the oceans, to be used by Coccolithophore. But most of the dissolved Co2 remains as dissolved gas molecules (Free Co2) and does not immediately form carbonic acid

3) Oceanic Absorption (Solubility Pump): Co2 from the atmosphere dissolves directly into the surface water of oceans. Colder, denser water then sinks, transporting the dissolved Co2 to the deep ocean under immense pressure where it is stored for hundreds of years.

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IMAGE 1 - Here in each one of the six images there are microscopic "Coccosphere" phytoplankton, It is made up of numerous, intricate plates or scales of calcium carbonate called coccoliths

IMAGE 3 - The immense "White Cliffs of Dover" of Calcium Carbonate. A Co2 graveyard of countless billions of fossilized, ancient Coccolithophore.

VIDEO 1 - Coccolithophore phytoplankton - 3:42 minute video clip "Goddess of the Earth", which aired in 1985. It explicitly discussed the Gaia hypothesis, the theory that Earth functions as a self-regulating system or "superorganism"

VIDEO 2 - 3:20 minute clip - This video shows how global vegetation levels fluctuate with the seasons effecting Co2 levels - And at the end, James Lovelock talking about Oxygen

 

The Goddess of the Earth - The AWESOME Complete 1985 BBC Horizon documentary "The Goddess of the Earth". It focused on James Lovelock's "Gaia hypothesis"

 


 

Changes in carbon dioxide concentrations during the Phanerozoic era. Three estimates are based on geochemical modelling: GEOCARB III (Berner and Kothavala 2001), COPSE (Bergmann et al. 2004) and Rothman (2001). These are compared to the carbon dioxide measurement database of Royer et al. (2004) and a 30 Ma filtered average of those data. Error envelopes are shown when they were available. The right hand scale shows the ratio of these measurements to the estimated average for the last several million years (the Quaternary). Courtesy: Robert A. Rohde, Global Warming Art

The Phanerozoic CO2 chart shows dramatic fluctuations over the last 540 million years, with cycles of high CO2 during warmer periods (e.g., Mesozoic) and low CO2 during ice ages (e.g., Quaternary), generally correlating with global temperature, though solar output also played a role. Key takeaways: CO2 was often much higher than today (thousands of ppm) but dropped to historically low levels (around 270-280 ppm) for the last few million years, kicking off ice ages, a state only recently surpassed by human activity.

 


 

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C64 Games

The C64 had an extensive library of games, with some sources stating a figure upwards of 5000 titles. These games covered almost every genre created at the time. As with all systems, these games varied somewhat in their quality. The best of them were among the best games released on any of the 8-bit home computers. NB – the 8-bit home computers were sometimes referred to as ‘home micros’.

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Game screen shots from my CCS64 emulator - What a classic "Crazy Comets - MARTECH 1985" - See VIDEO Below !!. Look at that star field, and it's amazing what you can do with just 3 SID analogue synth voices. Listen to how tight the tune is, and to think that all the 1979-83 UK synthpop was done on 8bit sequencers, three being, Depeche Mode 1981 - THL DARE 1981, and YAZOO 1982 !!, Awwwwww, , the 8bit days and memories of 1986. I was 22.

Rob Hubbard's "Crazy Comets" SID Chip master piece is undoubtably the best ever on an 8 bit computer, and what a genius, the Mozart of the SID chip. He must of used some kind of sequencer, and then just a raw player for the game code, In the early 90's i did AMIGA AL and I really can't see how he did it, , , MIRACULOUS !!. - 80's and 90's computer songs are called CHIPTUNES , I edited in the crazy Honky Tonk end hook at 0:34 !! , , and then my game play at 1:41. I have got to level 6, but i was not using the joystick in this video and its a nightmare using the keys !!

 

 

Mick's Game Cracking

I first had a commodore 64 in 1984 learning programming with the official bible of a book, the "CBM64 Programers Reference Guide" and from the excellent INPUT magazine series, a weekly 52 week course in programming. I used TURBOTAPE to speed up the cassette baud rate by 10x.

In 1986 i did some game cracking, my first was "Crazy Comets" - After loading a game i did a warm reset by shorting out pin 1 amd 3 of the USER port, i wired up a switch for that purpose. The first 4 bytes of the start of basic memory starting at 2048 are wiped in a warm reset, but if you poke the four bytes back you can list the basic program, usually being something like "10 SYS 2084". After saving an area of memory with the INPUT machine code monitor using TURBOTAPE i got "manic miner" down from 320 cassette counts to 48

The C64 was a strange beast with RAM under ROM, and you could flip between the two. If you POKE into ROM it would go into the RAM beneath, , , i had to find space in RAM to place the MC monitor and TURBOTAPE code, if BASIC starts at 2048 as default, it is no problem, otherwise it's hard to know where the basic SYS was, it could be anywhere because the start of basic can be set to be anywhere !!.

To begin with, i wrote a simple BASIC program that PEEK's it's self !!

2051,10 = line 10 : 2053,158 is the SYS command : 2054-55 = 50 48 or 2088

Searching for 10, 0, 158, may give you the SYS start !!

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The C64 Legacy

1) The Highest-Selling Single Computer: The Commodore 64 holds the Guinness World Record for being the highest-selling single computer in history.

2) An 8 bit leader: An afordable home computer that democratized access to computing and gaming, inspiring a generation of programmers, gamers, and hobbyists, and continuing to influence technology and culture today

3) Enduring Popularity: Despite being an 8-bit computer, the C64 continues to have a dedicated following, with many enthusiasts still playing and collecting C64 games and hardware

4) Retrogaming: Few machines command as much nostalgia and respect as the Commodore 64, and it will live on in the hearts of retrogamers and techies of the past and future

5) Modern Coders: Bedroom coders could turn their passion into businesses. As a result the Commodore 64 gave many of today’s most respected names in game development their start.

A computer is like the mind, it has IN-finite AP-plications. . .

 

 

 The History of the Commodore C64           Copyright (C) 2025 - IN-AP Systems.